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Several authors, according to Tournefort. had brought back the jalap in a kind of belle-de-nuit, ummée mirabilis jaJappa, L., with whom roots are gifted of a purgative ownership; but it was definitely acknowledged since the jalap true was a bindweed, the covvolvulus jalapa, 14. which the essential character of type consists in a chalice in five divisions; a corolla mouopétaLe. pleated, campaniforme or infondihuliforme; five stamens; a style overcome by two stigmata.
His stems are very - long, herbaceous and climbing, covered with a Light down, as well as all plant, trimmed with leaves alternate, pétiolées, in forms dihéren, légè — disavow ondul are on Their edges; lower triangular, almost in the form of a heart, the superiors the more alongées, the more aigues.
Flowers are solitary, alternate pédoncules tin, stalked, located in Paisselle by leaves rather more short that flowers; the corolla is rather big, of a daffodil.
This plant believes in Mexico, aix vicinity of VéraCruz. It draws its name of Xalappa, city of ospaguole America, where from she came to us for the premiere time.
Such as her comes in trade, the root of jalap is big, short, rounded up, or in thick, heavy, spherical, harsh edges, of a brownish yellow colour outside, and a veined grey intensively. His Wavy and smooth break is interspersed with brillans points; her smell is lightly queasy, and its acrid and prickly taste. They withdraw an extractive material from it, and a resin to which the jalap owes all its medical propriéts. Having carried on the nasal pits, the raciue of jalap pulverized irritates the pituitaire membrane, and causes sneeze. Having introduced clans the stomach, it produces not enough impairment in functions of this organ; but it agitavec forces on the channel int (stinal, and cause of abounding evacuations alvines. u jalap, says Scbwilgué, managed to small dose and very — spread, causes a purgation without colics. 11 acts in a more constant way than the root materials of which are not always in the same proportions. I often managed alcoholic extract of jalap in the dose half gramme, Either in form of pills, or in suspension in hundred and two hundred times penny weight of water, without causing colics or of notable general confusion. It is one of the purgatives which deserve most of etre used. They can, had efiet, manage it quickly of volume, and conceal its taste easily, her action is constant; he can suit, and when one wind to cause a purgation without general phenomena, and when they want to determine a general confusion. » Toutefiis the efpérience seem to have noted that the jalap, as well as the resin which they withdraw from it, is not much suitable in general for the nervous temp ramens, for constitutions very - bad-tempered, on dry subjects, in May ares and ardens; or must refrain from it, in inflammatory diseases, and in all affectations which are accompanied (the one lives vital reaction, or of a lot of annoyance). On the other hand, this - purga is very suitable - definitely for the lymphatic tempéranlens, for the strong individuals with not enough nervous touchiness, to the women and to infants, to whom white saps predominate, and with whom the intestinal channel is habitually overloaded of thick and abounding phlegm.
They especially use it in the rebel catarrhal afèctions and écoulemens in old date, on the ancient rheumatisms, the tonic drop, the scurvy, the mlanclj and other neuroses, against which the purgative treatment is useful. They use it especially successfully in the edema, scrofulas and vermineuses diseases. Various authors have recommended effectiveness (read jalap in the hydropisie ascite, but there can have been success only when this illness is essential and atonique; because, if it had inflammatory character, as well as it arrives what. quefois, Where if it was result of the inflammation of the peritoneum, what is the most ordinary case, they have a feeling that a similar purgative would be much more harmful to it than useful. The only disadvantage for which they can reproach the root of jalap, it is that, according to the more or less big quantity of resin which it contains, it produces, as well as points it out. Murray: “effects sometimes barely sensitive, sometimes so intense that he can result from it a calamitous inflammation, and death: circumstance which must urge to use preferably the resin which, always itself, acts containment in the same way in the small doses, and produces besides the same effects as the root itself.”
Much more active than this last, the resin of Jalap devotes itself hardly beyond a gramme (eighteen grains) to the adults. In infants of less than eight years old babies, they manage it to the dose of so many grains which they have of years, and from eight to ten grains to those who are from eight to fifteen years old. The root is managed, to the adults, of one to two grammes (sixteen-thirty-six grains), and in fans from twenty-five to fifty centigrams (five-ten grains).
It is necessary to be told that the root of jalap is often worm-eaten and spoilt by dilapidation in boutiques, that his resin is often sophisticated by its mixture with the rosin or other resins. This purgative root enters in the composition of a crowd of superannuated inédicamens, such as the électuaires hydragogue of Srlvius, and autihydropiqite of Charas, the Catholic extract of RoiJincius, the anti gout pills of Scheffer, syrups bydragogue and drink of stud farm, and dens pharmaceutical preparations condemned for an endless neglect. They still find the jalap in a big number of invigorating and purgative tinctures, in which are packed pharmacopeias and French and foreign forms.
EXPLANATION OF THE PLATE 2o7.
(The plant is reduced to the quarter of its natural randcur)
i. Opened tube, of a corolla, afin dc make “ oir the pistil and the insertion of the five stamens.
2. Whole fruit.
3. The same cutting horizontally.
4. Long-haired seed.
