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Height
Spacing
6-8 ft. (1.8-2.4 m)
Hardiness
36-48 in. (90-120 cm)
Sun Exposure
USDA Zone 5a: to -28.8 °C (-20 °F)
USDA Zone 5b: to -26.1 °C (-15 °F)
USDA Zone 6a: to -23.3 °C (-10 °F)
USDA Zone 6b: to -20.5 °C (-5 °F)
USDA Zone 7a: to -17.7 °C (0 °F)
USDA Zone 7b: to -14.9 °C (5 °F)
USDA Zone 8a: to -12.2 °C (10 °F)
USDA Zone 8b: to -9.4 °C (15 °F)
USDA Zone 9a: to -6.6 °C (20 °F)
USDA Zone 9b: to -3.8 °C (25 °F)
USDA Zone 10a: to -1.1 °C (30 °F)
USDA Zone 10b: to 1.7 °C (35 °F)
USDA Zone 11: above 4.5 °C (40 °F)
Danger
Sun to Partial Shade
Bloom Color
All parts of plant are poisonous if ingested
Handling plant may cause skin irritation or allergic reaction
Bloom Time
Blue-Violet
Dark Purple/Black
Other details
Mid Spring
Late Spring/Early Summer
Mid Summer
Propagation Methods
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Seed Collecting
Flower Fragrance
From softwood cuttings
From semi-hardwood cuttings
From seed; direct sow outdoors in fall
From seed; stratify if sowing indoors
From seed; sow indoors before last frost
By grafting
By serpentine layering
Patent Information
Group
Allow seedheads to dry on plants; remove and collect seeds
N/A: plant does not set seed, flowers are sterile, or plants will not come true from seed
Bloom Shape
Pruning Groups
Bloom Diameter
Foliage Color
Bloom Characteristics
Water Requirements
Where to Grow
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