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Category
Bulbs
Perennials
Ponds and Aquatics
Water Requirements
Average Water Needs; Water regularly; do not overwater
Sun Exposure
Partial to Full Shade
Foliage
Grown for foliage
Herbaceous
Good Fall Color
Textured
Veined
Velvet/Fuzzy
Foliage Color
Dark/Black
Height
36-48 in. (90-120 cm)
4-6 ft. (1.2-1.8 m)
Spacing
18-24 in. (45-60 cm)
24-36 in. (60-90 cm)
Hardiness
USDA Zone 6a: to -23.3 °C (-10 °F)
USDA Zone 6b: to -20.5 °C (-5 °F)
USDA Zone 7a: to -17.7 °C (0 °F)
USDA Zone 7b: to -14.9 °C (5 °F)
USDA Zone 8a: to -12.2 °C (10 °F)
USDA Zone 8b: to -9.4 °C (15 °F)
USDA Zone 9a: to -6.6 °C (20 °F)
USDA Zone 9b: to -3.8 °C (25 °F)
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Where to Grow
Danger
Parts of plant are poisonous if ingested
Bloom Color
Chartreuse (yellow-green)
Medium Purple
White/Near White
Bloom Characteristics
Bloom Size
Bloom Time
Mid Spring
Late Spring/Early Summer
Other details
Soil pH requirements
5.6 to 6.0 (acidic)
6.1 to 6.5 (mildly acidic)
6.6 to 7.5 (neutral)
Patent Information
Propagation Methods
By dividing rhizomes, tubers, corms or bulbs (including offsets)
From seed; direct sow outdoors in fall
From seed; winter sow in vented containers, coldframe or unheated greenhouse
From seed; stratify if sowing indoors
Seed Collecting
Allow pods to dry on plant; break open to collect seeds
Remove fleshy coating on seeds before storing
Unblemished fruit must be significantly overripe before harvesting seed; clean and dry seeds
Wear gloves to protect hands when handling seeds
Seed does not store well; sow as soon as possible
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