California Joint-fir, Desert Tea

Ephedracalifornica

Genus
Ephedra (eh-FED-ruh)
Species
californica (kal-ih-FOR-nik-uh)
Synonym
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Sun to Partial Shade
Foliage
Evergreen
Height
4-6 ft. (1.2-1.8 m)
Spacing
36-48 in. (90-120 cm)
4-6 ft. (1.2-1.8 m)
Hardiness
USDA Zone 8a: to -12.2 °C (10 °F)
USDA Zone 8b: to -9.4 °C (15 °F)
USDA Zone 9a: to -6.6 °C (20 °F)
USDA Zone 9b: to -3.8 °C (25 °F)
USDA Zone 10a: to -1.1 °C (30 °F)
Danger
N/A
Bloom Color
Inconspicuous/none
Bloom Time
N/A
Other Details
Category
Perennials
Shrubs
Water Requirements
Drought-tolerant; suitable for xeriscaping
Average Water Needs; Water regularly; do not overwater
Foliage Color
Where to Grow
Bloom Characteristics
This plant is attractive to bees, butterflies and/or birds
Bloom Size
Other details
Soil pH requirements
5.6 to 6.0 (acidic)
6.1 to 6.5 (mildly acidic)
6.6 to 7.5 (neutral)
7.6 to 7.8 (mildly alkaline)
7.9 to 8.5 (alkaline)
Patent Information
Propagation Methods
From seed; direct sow outdoors in fall
Seed Collecting
Regional

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Gardener's Notes:

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E
| March 2006 | positive

Nice plant, indigenous to North American and specifically to the state of California.

This plant doesn't flower so I wante...Read More

Quoting:Since E. californica is a gymnosperm, it has no actual flowers, but instead it produces pollen and seed cones, with one sex of cones per plant. This strategy ensures that plants will cross-pollinate, since an individual plant cannot pollinate itself (Judd, 2002). Ephedra are wind pollinated and only reproduce during years where there is ample rainfall. The plants may go for years without setting seed, but when they finally do reproduce, they release an enormous amount of seed all at once. And it is not just one plant that reproduces, but most to all of the plants will reproduce during these rain events. After reproducing, the seeds remain dormant in the soil for several years, even if heavy rains occur during that dormant period. After the dormant period, the seeds will germinate with the next heavy rain (Meyer,2005).

This method of reproduction and seed dispersal is a reflection of the resource limitation, particularly water, that Ephedra californica faces in its natural habitat, where there is no rain for more than half of the year. Also, the sandy soils they live on have very little water holding capacity. Ephedra have evolved a strategy for taking advantage of the precious and unpredictable heavy rainfall. Their strategy of establishing a large seed bank during a time of water availability is commonly seen in different arid climate plant species, particularly in Mediterranean climates (Gurevitch et. al, 2002).

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